MODULE 4 DISSCUSSION Full Government Control in an Emergency Coursework

MODULE 4 DISSCUSSION Full Government Control in an Emergency - Coursework Example Thus, it is possible for the government to assume a major role in disaster control, but it does so within the law as provided by the Stafford Act. The government takes control of disaster control, not to limit the agencies or groups, but to ensure that the appropriate resources and are effected fast enough, and in an effective way. Through the Homeland security secretariat, the government takes control of disaster control management, while the agencies and groups respond within this overarching structure (Homeland Security, 2013) â€Å"Partnerships are an integral part of strengthening resilience, because they can help to increase efficiency and effectiveness in disaster management† (Busch, 2013, p. 2). Hence, in partnerships between the government and assisting agencies and groups, it is necessary that the government maintains full control during disasters. Doing so ensures that there is a hierarchical plan in the control of disasters. It also ensures that there the issue of accountability rests squarely on the government and not a large array of assisting groups and agencies (United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, 2006). Homeland Security. (2013, May). National Response Framework. Retrieved from Federal Emergency Management Agency: http://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/20130726-1914-25045-1246/final_national_response_framework_20130501.pdf United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. (2006). Hurricane Katrina: A Nation Still Unprepared : Special Report of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, Together with Additional Views. Washington, DC: Government Printing

Corporate Integrity Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Integrity Management - Essay Example No matter how good an organization’s vision statement, mission statement or purpose statement could be; it would still be missing on the most vital aspect of focus, if it does not have some basic core values that it upholds and cultivates. The core values of an organization are supposed to be timeless and unchanging, always guiding the operations of the organization during the best seasons and even the worst seasons of the organization. Therefore, no matter whether the organization achieves its targeted performance, no matter if it makes the desired profits, no matter whether it meets the expectations of its stakeholders, one thing must remain constant for the organization; its core values. Thus, simply put, after removing the business the organization does and the money it generates, core values are the only things that must remain. There is a difference between an organization that pursues its vision and a visionary organization. The difference is in the alignment of the organizational core values (Collins, n.p.). While the organization pursuing its vision can do so without the backing of its core values, a truly visionary organization is led by its core values to pursue the aligned vision. Thus simply put, core values are the most important aspects and the fundamentals of any business successful business. There are various core values I consider very vital, which a business, newly established or already running, should still hold onto, even if they are not rewarded. These are the core values I deem most important for an organization, such that, they should be pursued even when they become a competitive disadvantage for the organization: Disclosure is the concept behind transparency and accountability. Accountability and transparency are some of the most important core values that drive a business towards success and steers it to the direction of achieving its missions and visions. Accountability and transparency refers to the extent of

Reflecting And Refracting Telescopes

Reflecting And Refracting Telescopes The telescopes invention is often pegged in 1608 with the award of a patent to Lippershey by the States-General, the name for parliament in the Netherlands. However, an Englishman, Thomas Harriott constructed an early, low-power version of the telescope and used it in August 1609 to observe the Moon, at the same time when Galileo presented a similar small instrument to the Venetian Senate. Galileo undertook his own serious observations in October or November of that same year with a larger telescope. Hans Lippershey , a Dutch eyeglass manufacturer,is most often associated with the invention of the telescope. Lippershey was awarded a patent for his device in October 1608 by the parliament in the Netherlands.Credit for the invention of the telescope is also extended to Jacob Metius, a Dutch optician, though he was reluctant to allow the Dutch parliament to review his patent claim and even prohibited anyone from seeing his device. Despite his reluctance, Metius was eventually awarded a small sum from parliament, also in 1608, when he applied for a patent on his device a few weeks after Lippershey.However, the Dutch parliament only allowed Lippershey to construct a binocular version of his telescope. So, Lippershey is also the inventor of the binocular! ( note: Galileo Galilei did not invent the telescope!) TELESCOPE DIMENSIONS Aperture: The diameter of the primary mirror or lens. This determines the limiting magnitude and the angular resolution. Focal Length: The length it takes the light to converge to a single point. A smaller focal length increases magnification and brightness, whereas a longer focal length has the opposite effect. This makes a difference only for extended objects, not stars. Magnifying Power: (focal length of eyepiece)/(focal length of telescope). F/Ratio: (focal length of telescope)/aperture. A ratio of 8 is written f/8. Focal Plane: The plane perpendicular to the point of convergence. PARAMETERS OF TELESCOPE The utility of a telescope depends on its ability to collect large quantities of light and to resolve fine details. The brightness of an image is proportional to the area of the light-gathering element, which is proportional to the square of that elements aperture. The brightness also depends on the area over which the image is spread. This area is inversely proportional to the square of the focal length (f) of the lens. The brightness of the image therefore depends on the square of the f/ratio, just as in an ordinary camera. The resolving power of a telescope depends on the diameter of the aperture and the wavelength observed; the larger the diameter, the smaller the detail that can be resolved. TYPES OF TELESCOPES We will be primarily concerned with optical telescopes which have two basic subdivisions: Refracting Telescopes: Refraction works on the principle that light has different bending properties in different media (glass,water, air, etc.). Refracting Telescopes use a glass lens to cause the convergence of the light. Reflecting Telescopes: Reflecting telescopes use mirrors (concave or convex) to direct incoming light to converge to a point. REFRACTING TELESCOPES Small refracting telescopes are used in binoculars, cameras, gunsights, galvanometers, periscopes, surveying instruments, rangefinders, astronomical telescopes, and a great variety of other devices. Parallel or nearly parallel light from the distant object enters from the left, and the objective lens forms an inverted image of it . The inverted image is viewed with the aid of a second lens, called the eyepiece. The eyepiece is adjusted (focused) to form a parallel bundle of rays so that the image of the object may be viewed by the eye without strain. The objective lens is typically compound; that is, it is made up of two or more pieces of glass, of different types, designed to correct for aberrations such as chromatic aberration. To construct a visual refractor, a lens is placed beyond the images formed by the objective and viewed with the eye. To construct a photographic refractor or simply a camera, a photographic plate is placed at the position of the image. Simplified optical diagram of a refracting telescope. Refracting optical system used to photograph a star field. Generally, refracting telescopes are used in applications where great magnification is required, namely, in planetary studies and in astrometry, the measurement of star positions and motions. However, this practice is changing, and the traditional roles of refractors are being carried out effectively by a few reflecting telescopes, in part because of effective limitations on the size of refracting telescopes. A refractor lens must be relatively thin to avoid excessive absorption of light in the glass. On the other hand,the lens can be supported only around its edge and thus is subject to sagging distortions that change as the telescope is pointed from the horizon to the zenith; thus its thickness must be great enough to give it mechanical rigidity. An effective compromise between these two demands is extremely difficult, making larger refractors unfeasible. The largest refracting telescope is the 1-m (40-in.) telescope-built over a century ago-at Yerkes Observatory. This size is about the limit for optical glass lenses. REFLECTING TELESCOPES The principal optical element, or objective, of a reflecting telescope is a mirror. The mirror forms an image of a celestial object (Fig. 3) which is then examined with an eyepiece, photographed, or studied in some other manner. Viewing a star with a reflecting telescope. In this configuration, the observer may block the mirror unless it is a very large telescope. Reflecting telescopes generally do not suffer from the size limitations of refracting telescopes. The mirrors in these telescopes can be as thick as necessary and can be supported by mechanisms that prevent sagging and thus inhibit excessive distortion. In addition, mirror materials having vanishingly small expansion coefficients, together with ribbing techniques that allow rapid equalization of thermal gradients in a mirror, have eliminated the major thermal problems plaguing telescope mirrors. Some advanced reflecting telescopes use segmented mirrors, composed of many separate pieces. By using a second mirror (and even a third one, in some telescopes), the optical path in a reflector can be folded back on itself, permitting a long focal length to be attained with an instrument housed in a short tube. A short tube can be held by a smaller mounting system and can be housed in a smaller dome than a long-tube refractor. DERIVATIONS IN TELESCOPE Two fundamentally different types of telescopes exist; both are designed to aid in viewing distant objects, such as the planets in our Solar System. The refracting telescope uses a combination of lenses to form an image, and the reflecting telescope uses a curved mirror and a lens.The lens combination shown in Figure is that of a refracting telescope. Like the compound microscope, this telescope has an objective and an eyepiece. The two lenses are arranged so that the objective forms a real, inverted image of a distant object very near the focal point of the eyepiece. Because the object is essentially at infinity, this point at which I 1 forms is the focal point of the objective. The eyepiece then forms, at I 2, an enlarged, inverted image of the image at I 1. In order to provide the largest possible magnification, the image distance for the eyepiece is infinite. This means that the light rays exit the eyepiece lens parallel to the principal axis, and the image of the objective lens must form at the focal point of the eyepiece. Hence, the two lenses are separated by a distance fo + fe , which corresponds to the length of the telescope tube. The angular magnification of the telescope is given by à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½/à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o, where à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o is the angle subtended by the object at the objective and à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½ is the angle subtended by the final image at the viewers eye. Consider Figure, in which the object is a very great distance to the left of the figure. The angle à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o (to the left of the objective) subtended by the object at the objective is the same as the angle (to the right of the objective) subtended by the first image at the objective. Thus, tan à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o= à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o= -h/f o where the negative sign indicates that the image is inverted. The angle à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½ subtended by the final image at the eye is the same as the angle that a ray coming from the tip of I1 and traveling parallel to the principal axis makes with the principal axis after it passes through the lens. Thus, tan à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½=à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½=h/fe We have not used a negative sign in this equation because the final image is not inverted; the object creating this final image I2 is I1, and both it and I2 point in the same direction. Hence, the angular magnification of the telescope can be expressed as m= à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½/à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o=h/fe /-h/fo=-fo/fe and we see that the angular magnification of a telescope equals the ratio of the objective focal length to the eyepiece focal length. The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted.When we look through a telescope at such relatively nearby objects as the Moon and the planets, magnification is important. However, individual stars in our galaxy are so far away that they always appear as small points of light no matter how great the magnification. A large research telescope that is used to study very distant objects must have a great diameter to gather as much light as possible. It is difficult and expensive to manufacture large lenses for refracting telescopes. Another difficulty with large lenses is that their weight leads to sagging, which is an additional source of aberration. These problems can be partially overcome by replacing the objective with a concave mirror, which results in a reflecting telescope. Because light is reflected from the mirror and does not pass through a lens, the mirror can have rigid supports on the back side. Such supports eliminate the problem of sagging. Figure shows the design for a typical reflecting telescope. Incoming light rays pass down the barrel of the telescope and are reflected by a parabolic mirror at the base. These rays converge toward point A in the figure, where an image would be formed. However, before this image is formed, a small, flat mirror M reflects the light toward an opening in the side of the tube that passes into an eyepiece. This particular design is said to have a Newtonian focus because Newton developed it. Above figure shows such a telescope. Note that in the reflecting telescope the light never passes through glass (except through the small eyepiece). As a result, problems associated with chromatic aberration are virtually eliminated. The reflecting telescope can be made even shorter by orienting the flat mirror so that it reflects the light back toward the objective mirror and the light enters an eyepiece in a hole in the middle of the mirror. LIMITATIONS For many applications, the Earths atmosphere limits the effectiveness of larger telescopes. The most obvious deleterious effect is image scintillation and motion, collectively known as poor seeing. Atmospheric turbulence produces an extremely rapid motion of the image resulting in a smearing. On the very best nights at ideal observing sites, the image of a star will be spread out over a 0.25-arcsecond seeing disk; on an average night, the seeing disk may be between 0.5 and 2.0 arcseconds. It has been demonstrated that most of the air currents that cause poor seeing occur within the observatory buildings themselves. Substantial improvements in seeing have been achieved by modern design of observatory structures. The upper atmosphere glows faintly because of the constant influx of charged particles from the Sun. This airglow adds a background exposure or fog to photographic plates that depends on the length of the exposure and the speed (f/ratio) of the telescope. The combination of the finite size of the seeing disk of stars and the presence of airglow limits the telescopes ability to see faint objects. One solution is placing a large telescope in orbit above the atmosphere. In practice, the effects of air and light pollution outweigh those of airglow at most observatories in the United States.

The Eclectic Model Essay -- Education

For my presentation I chose the Eclectic teaching method used in Physical Education. Going into the project I had no idea what the model was or what it involved. I quickly learned the importance of the Eclectic model and how it is the most vital and widely used teaching method out. The reason for this is because it is the combination of all the teaching models and grouping them to the different age levels of the students. Obviously, there are certain games or activities that you would not do with 3rd graders because they are not developed enough to handle them. On the other hand you may not do an activity with high schoolers because they are over developed for it and they will not gain any benefits from it. To better explain how the eclectic model would be used I researched other teaching models and broke them down into 3 categories where they fit best: Elementary, Middle School, and High School. Elementary Physical Education is usually the first time when young children are being professionally taught how to control their bodies and perform basic skills that they will need to succeed in physical activity throughout their lifetime. This is the most important part of a child’s Physical Education because without these skills and abilities they will not be able to exercise properly through life and it could also discourage them from trying different activities. If this happens our country will become even more obese and out of shape. The models we decided fit best in this age group of students were Developmental Education, Tactical Games Model, Movement Model, Interdisciplinary Elementary Education, and Inquiry Model. We discovered that these in particular taught objectives that younger children need before they could move onto m... ...entary school ages as well. When a school district decides to use the eclectic model in their PE program they do it in hopes that the students will apply what they have learned grades K-12 to the rest of their life. As PE teachers it is our job to give students the information needed to live a long, healthy life. When taught correctly, the eclectic model does just that. Works Cited 1. Siedentop, Daryl, Jacqueline Herkowitz, and Judith Rink. Elementary Physical Education Methods. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984. Print. 2. Physical Education for Lifelong Fitness: The Physical Best Teacher's Guide. Leeds: Human Kinetics Europe, 2005. Print. 3. Manimtim-Florescar, Ruth. "Teaching Method: Eclectic | The Manila Bulletin Newspaper Online." The Manila Bulletin Newspaper Online. 27 May 2008. Web. .

Jennie Dixianna

She subconsciously shows true personality when she performs her ammos act, â€Å"The Spin of Death†. Jennie Dolan uses her act to tell us a story about her past and how she connects her feelings with her performances. Jennie Dixieland' act starts when she ascends the rope to get to the top of the hippodrome, similarly this process shows that from a young age she has had a hard time relating with others in society due to the psychological scaring done from past events. First, she climbed a rope, which slithered snake like between and around her legs as she rose Ever since her mother bled out while giving birth ND passed away it has been a struggle for Jennie to accept it so she just tries to put it in the back of her mind and distract herself from the haunting scene of her mother dying. The rope symbolizes as a snake which slithers between and around her legs. Furthermore, this portion of the act indicates the beginning of the endless raping done by her father after her mother passed away.As a result, she had to adjust to the way things were which was a lot for a 6 year old child. Similarly, â€Å"Jennie became a walking phantom, the living receptacle of unlived lives† (33). This example illustrates' how hard it was for her to deal with the hardships of living in the real world with nobody to help her with her problems. In addition, Jennie Dishpan's classic act of, â€Å"The Spin Of Death† relates to her emotions connecting with her past since she has no other escape from reality so her performance helps her feel comfortable as she reminisces of her mother and great times In her life as she reaches the top.Similarly, â€Å"At the top, she fastened a small loop tightly around her wrist, held the rope at arms length, and posed In graceful relief' (28). Jennie Dishpan's achievements are a milestone because it just goes to show how strong she is spiritually and physically. The petite size allows her to daintily climb the ropes like if it was na tural for her to do however a man or woman bigger and stronger than her probably couldn't do what she does in her act. The tight rope around her wrist could be related to the strong connection she felt with her mother which allowed her to feel safe.Even though she Is suspended above the center of the circus she appears relaxed as she gracefully poses for everyone to see. Meanwhile she's posing everyone in the audience gasps and cheers her on consequently making her feel confident about her abilities and helps her escape from the problems of her past. It also signifies how she felt when her mother was around which was strong and happy. Furthermore, Jennie Atlanta's finale portrays the most dangerous side that can she swings so fast she has to dislocate her shoulder with every spin.Even though this act can be dangerous she has the will power to show she can do whatever it takes to make it in life even if it means risking her own life. Likewise, â€Å"The finale of her act was a serie s of full swings high above the hippodrome. † (28). She takes a lot of pride in being the high flying Jennie Dixieland so she takes all she has in her to do this act. Every time she collects all her efforts to support herself and reminisce in her most favorite of times while she performs her dangerous feat. As the ringmaster announced, â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen!High above the center ring, miss Jennie Dixieland will now perform her famous SPIN OF DEATH! Tonight, she will attempt to break her cord of fifty turns, powered only by the strength of her one dainty arm. Count along with me as Jennie Dixieland tries to beat he own world record! † (28). The name alone refers to the dangers that come along with this stunt because in can certainly cause death if it goes wrong. But Jennie Dishpan's strong will and extreme confidence in herself allows her to perform and show relaxation when she reaches the top.In addition, the fact that she tries to beat her record every night indic ates her level of commitment to her act. Her routine baffles other fellow circus people, â€Å"feared that she would wear her flesh all the way down to the bone, and that one night, she'd fall from the sky, leaving nothing in the spotlight but her hand still clenching the rope. † (28). Even though, her peers doubt her abilities she pulls through and gives a great performance every time. Her determination to be the best at what she does shows due to the fact that her father and mother left a young age.She was left to fend for herself however she took everything she could and learned room it. At one point it shows, â€Å"Jennie was the man and woman of the house: cook, farmer, laundress, barterer. † (35). Certainly, this amount of responsibility can be a lot for a 6 year old to undertake as she's growing up and still dealing with other problems therefore it goes to show her personality is a product of having no childhood and Just working to keep herself alive. Born a fig hter she knows how to make money in any situation to survive. Subsequently, Jennie Dixieland has the power to do whatever it takes for her to survive.If it means that she has to barter or even if she has to risk her life to make a living whether she likes it or not she is willing to do it. She can do anything and is a very confident person because she learned how to take care of herself from a very young age. Although some of the past events she experienced such as her mothers and fathers death took a psychological toll on her she learned to put it behind her not completely accept it but Just throw it to the back of her mind. Jennie Dishpan's character has tremendous drive, strong, confident, and spontaneous, she will persevere.

A business plan in transportation industry Essay

This demonstrates of a business plan in cargo and parcel transportation. This type of the business requires a lot of capital to venture into it. Firstly, transportation machinery such as motor vehicles, motorcycles, trains, aeroplanes and other equipment for transport are expensive to acquire. The business is client based. By client based, it means that, the business depends entirely on clients as customers for its survival. It is a great challenge to get clients for a new business. People would prefer to transport through people whom they have worked before with, and created a confidence on them that they are trusted people. The goal of the business is to ensure efficient, effective and customer satisfaction in transportation of client’s goods. Beginning a new business is faced by several challenges. It would require a rather market research before kicking off the business. Marketing research would mean employing professional in marketing to help the business venture strategi cally in the market. Employing professional in marketing to conduct a research is expensive for a business especially in its onset, hence, a great challenge to the start of the business (Barnhart, 119). Transportation of parcels and cargos is a business that cannot fail to take place at whatever cost it might mean. People will always keep on exchanging parcels, individuals and firms will always transact in cargos. The business of goods transportation will always be there as long as the world and people exist. The biggest challenge to this new business is how to get clients and source of the capital to start the business. In obtaining customers for this business, a rather marketing will be entailed. Such marketing may be contacted through advertising in television channels, personal approaches to different firms and holding business talks, billboard advertisement in city centres and all other related such marketing techniques. Not every other business would survive without suppliers. A business needs suppliers for its stock, equipment or machinery. Most, a company based on transportation and logistics would need a group of suppliers for it to survive. For an easy venture in the marke t, a business may opt to collaborate with another established business, to win a large market within a short time. In addition, collaborating with another business that latter business act, as complement to what it offers would mean strategic kick off a business. The business under discussion focuses on merging with one of the airlines company in the city to market itself. In the market there are several business offering the same services. These are actually the real to competitors to the business (Abrams, 18). There will always be competitors to a business; competitors may either be direct or indirect competitors. Direct competitors are those that offer same services and goods to those that another business is offering. On the other hand, indirect competitors are the ones that offer substitute products to those that another business is offering. The company will be well structure to counter with the competitors offering the same services in the market. Amongst the measures at hand to deal with competition are, relatively lower charges. This would help to attract more clients to the company. Increased clients means increased customers hence, increased output of this business. Relatively lower charges, is another strategy that will help to reduce the payback period or time of our business project. It is very essential for a business to have an environment that is conducive for its success. By engagement into corporate social responsibilities, the business will not ensure a health social environment for itself, but also act as way of promoting itself. Through involvement in corporate social responsibilities, the business creates a good shape to the people. It is also a way of publicizing a business. Both political and social environment ought to be maintained by the company. Our company will have at hand all proper and valid documentation for its legality. By having a business vision and mission, it will create a source of inspiration and centre of focus both to the employees and the shareholders to the company. The strategy to ensuring the business is a success is clear enough. Due to wise selection of the business to collaborate with, it will be easy for the business to start at high gear. Firstly, there is a ready market for to transport, this is because we are collaborating with an airline firm. Our company will execute all the transactions involving transport by the particular airline. We also need to have strategic location of our offices. All offices to the company are found within the city centre. This means that they are highly accessible to the customers. Simple and clear terms of the contract with the client will also quicken the conduct of the transactions of the company. These just but some of the strategies put in place to ensure that the company will be successful in its endeavours. Good and clear communication is another major element for a success of every business. Communication within the company shall be made as simple and clear as much as possible. Delegation of duties f rom directors to the casual worker will create a good leadership within the organization. Through delegation, a strong teamwork and network of employees will be maintained in the organization. This will ensure that the organization maintains good and clear communication skills. Good communication improves employees productivity, hence an increase in the general output of the company. It would be a great challenge of to get capital to start the business. The company has therefore to portray a good strategy for it to attract people to be shareholders or financiers. A good business plan can also be used to attract a capital borrowing in some government agencies that lend out finances to motivate entrepreneurship. The business strategy is clear and comprehensive enough to stand a chance to win capital borrowing from any investment bank or government policy. This is a strategy of selling the company’s idea to the potential investors (Karin, 313). In conclusion, people share so much in common, yet are so magnificently different. They think differently; they have different and sometimes competing values, motivations and objectives. It’s therefore very important to study the nature of the individuals so as to live peacefully with them to avoid confrontations with them. This same case applies to all business ventures. A business ought to conduct a viable market research before kicking off. Good market research would help a business recognise its strength and weaknesses. It will increase on strengths and try to minimise on the weakness, through this, a strong business idea would be realize that could see any business venture a success. References Abrams, Rhonda M. The Successful Business Plan: Secrets & Strategies. Palto Alto, Calif: Planning Shop,  2003. Print. Barnhart, Cynthia, and Gilbert Laporte. Transportation. Amsterdam: North Holland,  2007. Print. Jo?eveer, Karin. Sources of Capital Structure: Evidence from Transition Countries. Tallinn: Eesti Pank,  2006. Print. Source document